华溪蟹属为中国大陆特有且系物种多样性最丰富的一个属，有84种或亚种，占我国淡水蟹类284种的29.68%。基于申请人等对其生物多样性及DNA条形码开展的初步探索，和采获17省区337个样点8千余标本，及所构建该属模式标本形态数据库等工作基础。拟采取甲壳动物学、分子生物学及生物信息学方法，整理、采集不少于40个物种，以线粒体基因为主，参考部分核基因，筛选华溪蟹属DNA条形码标准基因序列，建立DNA条形码系统；同时依托高通量测序平台，以DNA metabarcoding策略评估武夷山脉华溪蟹属自然居群的物种组成及特点。本项目的科学价值旨在探索综合多种分类手段，高效准确评估不同环境下华溪蟹属的物种构成，实现物种快速准确鉴定，发现可能存在的新种或隐存种，揭示其在中国淡水蟹类地理区划中的生物多样性格局和分子分化机制；探讨DNA metabarcoding对华溪蟹自然居群的物种多样性定性分析的可行性。

There are 84 species or subspecies belong to genus Sinopotamon which is endemic and has the largest amount of species in Chinese mainland with accounting for 29.68% of total 284 species of freshwater crab in China. Based on the applicants preliminary exploration about biodiversity and DNA barcoding, and holotype morphological database of genus Sinopotamon, and more than 8000 specimens from 337 locations covering 17 provinces; with knowledge and technique of Crustacea, molecular biology and bioinformatics the applicant plans to arrange and collect more than 40 species, screen DNA barcoding standard genetic sequences of genus Sinopotamon within COI, 16S rRNA and ITS etc, and aim to establish systemic DNA barcoding; simultaneously to analyze the species group composition and its feature of genus Sinopotamon in Wuyi mountains natural conditions with high-throughput DNA sequencing platforms and DNA barcoding method. The scientific value of the research is that with discovering how to synthesize multi-classifying means, there would be quick and accurate to identify certain species or confirm potential new species, as well as assess the species composition of genus Sinopotamon in different natural environments, and finally there would be disclosed that the biodiversity and molecular differentiation mechanism of genus Sinopotamon on Chinese freshwater crab zoographical distribution; additionally there would discuss the feasibility about using DNA metabarcoding to analyze qualitatively the composition of genus Sinopotamon under natural environment.