新疆维吾尔自治区是维吾尔族、哈萨克族等多民族聚居区，维吾尔族是2型糖尿病高发民族，而同一区域的哈萨克族糖尿病发病率则明显低于同地区的其他民族。PTEN可负性调节PI3K/AKT胰岛素信号通路产生胰岛素抵抗,从而参与2型糖尿病的发病过程。本课题拟研究新疆维吾尔族、哈萨克族2型糖尿病和对照组中PTEN基因表达情况，观察PTEN基因表达是否受突变、单核苷酸多态性及表观遗传学调控，探讨PTEN表达水平、遗传学与表观遗传学修饰在新疆维吾尔族、哈萨克族2型糖尿病患者中的差异和特点，阐明PTEN基因表达及其调控机制与新疆维吾尔族、哈萨克族2型糖尿病发生发展的关系，为揭示新疆维吾尔族、哈萨克族2型糖尿病的发病机制及个体化治疗分子靶点的筛选提供依据。

Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region is the Uygur, Kazak and other multi-ethnic neighborhoods, Uygur is a high incidence of type 2 diabetes, ethnic, and Kazakh incidence of diabetes in the same region is significantly lower than other regions of the same nation. PTEN can negatively regulate PI3K / AKT signaling pathway insulin insulin resistance, and thus involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. This paper intends to study the Xinjiang Uygur, Kazak type 2 diabetes and a control group of PTEN gene expression was observed whether the PTEN gene expression by mutation, single nucleotide polymorphisms and epigenetic regulation of PTEN expression levels to explore, genetic learning and epigenetic modifications in Xinjiang Uygur, Kazak type 2 diabetes differences and characteristics, to clarify the expression of PTEN gene and its regulatory mechanism and Xinjiang Uygur, Kazak relations development of type 2 diabetes, for revealing the Xinjiang Uygur, Kazak pathogenesis and treatment of individual molecular targets provide the basis for screening type 2 diabetes.