农机与农艺相融合一直是我国农业生产中的短板，在油菜机械化收获中普遍存在油菜生物形态特性与油菜联合收割机互不适应的问题，导致机械化收获时籽粒损失率大、脱粒适应性差和清选筛易堵塞等问题。项目从农机与农艺相融合的角度出发，基于生物学、形态学、遗传学、碰撞力学和随机过程理论等研究收获期田间条件下主要种植油菜品种的角果抗裂角性，获得抗裂角性差异显著的典型油菜角果品种并进行杂交和自交，筛选并全长克隆表达分析油菜角果抗裂角候选基因；建立油菜分枝结构形态描述模型，探讨油菜分枝结构对切割分禾籽粒损失的影响并进行基因相关性分析。获得适宜油菜机械化低损失收获的角果抗裂角性和分枝结构的相关基因及其表达水平，为农艺育种提供参考依据。结合油菜机收的经验，根据油菜角果抗裂角性特性和分枝结构特征，对油菜联合收割机的切割分禾和脱粒分离、清选等主要工作装置的结构、工作参数进行优化，探索更适宜区域油菜收获的机械化联合收获技术。

Integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy is a short board in the current agricultural production process. Generally, there are some matching problems between biological characteristics of rape and combine harvester, which would lead to many problems in the field working process, such as, a relative higher rape seed losses, bad adaptability in threshing section and hole blocking on sieve surface. In this project, investigations on anti-crack properties of rape pod biology, which combined morphology, genetics, collision mechanics and stochastic process theory, will be carried out from the view of integration of agronomy and agricultural machinery, and hoping to obtain the candidate genes. To achieve this, rape varieties with different anti-crack properties of pod will be hybridized firstly and self-fertilized secondly, and these candidate genes in full length range will be copied and expressed. Then the morphological model of rape branching structure will be established, and its effect on loss of rape seed in cutting section will be studied. After that, the relevance among these genes will be analyzed. These studies would provide references for breeding experts of rape. According to these investigations and our experiences in rape harvesting, structures and dynamic parameters of the main parts of rape combine harvester, such as the parts in cutting section, threshing section and cleaning section, will be optimized to fit the actual requirements in combine harvesting process.