厚壁毛竹是在毛竹种质资源中发掘的唯一一份竹壁显著增厚，生物量大，遗传稳定的品种，具材用、笋用优良性状。本研究将在获得厚壁毛竹全基因组重测序数据的基础上，通过与毛竹基因组序列比对，在全基因组层次高效、快速发现大量单核苷酸多态性位点（SNP）、插入缺失位点（InDel）、结构变异位点（SV）及拷贝数变化(CNV) 等，深入分析厚壁毛竹全基因组的结构与组成，并与毛竹开展全基因组关联分析（GWAS），整合转录组数据，定位重要性状的相关基因、基因家族或基因组区段，绘制全基因组差异位点图谱，解析厚壁毛竹特有的种质性状形成的分子基础,丰富经济林优良性状形成研究，对毛竹遗传学研究、品种培育具有重要的科学和生产意义。

Bamboo forests play important roles in the economic, social and cultural constructions in our country. Bamboo industry is a sunrise industry of our country. Moso bamboo is one of the best economic bamboo species with largest distribution area, most accumulation on volumes, highest production and best research degree. Phyllostachys edulis 'Pachyloen', a cultivar of moso bamboo, is the only germplasm with obvious thick wall, massive biomass and genetic stability. It owns desirable traits for its wood and shoots. Based on high throughput DNA genomere-sequencing technology,We research on the detection, annotation and analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), insertion deletion loci(InDel), structure variation (SV) and copy number variations (CNV) through sequence alignment reference work with known Moso bamboo genome, exploring the molecular basis of specific germplasm.And we will make genome-wide association study to get thorough understanding about the genome variation and structural characteristics, screening and classification of SNP markers which associated closely with the genes and gene families who might play significant roles in the specific phenotype, finding and locating the genes and regions associated closely with the important phenotype in bamboo genome, and trying to draw a whole genome SNP makers map of them finally.This research will provide important theoretical and practical significance for the genetic engineering and improvement of cultivation for bamboo plants, as well as the increasing of productivity for bamboo forests.