手性农药不同对映体对非靶标生物的毒性往往存在很大差异，目前人们在考察手性农药环境行为时常常忽略此点，极易造成环境风险评估结果不准确。农药施用后，绝大部分终将进入土壤。从对映体水平研究手性农药在土栖生物中的环境行为及生态毒理学差异是解决上述问题的有效途径。本课题针对农业生产中使用量大、生态安全问题较为突出的苯基吡唑类和新烟碱类手性杀虫剂，以乙虫腈、丁虫腈和呋虫胺为研究对象，首先考察其在土壤及蚯蚓体内的立体选择性降解、代谢行为及影响因素，通过鉴定主要代谢产物，阐明不同对映体在蚯蚓及土壤中的环境归趋，之后从不同角度（个体水平、细胞水平、亚细胞水平、组织水平、分子水平）研究手性农药对映体对蚯蚓的生态毒理学差异及其机制。本课题的开展有助于建立更为科学有效的手性农药风险评估体系,也为手性农药的环境风险预警、合理使用及单体研发等提供数据支持和理论依据。

The enantiomers of chiral pesticides often have different toxicities to non-target organisms, however, this point is always ignored in conventional analysis with treating the enantiomers just as one compound. Consequently, the environmental risk evaluations of chiral pesticides based on traditional achiral methods are incomplete and nonspecific. After application, most of pesticides will eventually enter the soil. Then the effective way to solve the problem may well be conducting the study of environmental fate and ecotoxicology differences of chiral pesticide to soil biota in enantiomer level. In China, phenylpyrazole and neonicotinoid are two widely-used pesticides, which have posed a serious threat to ecological safety. Thus, three typical chiral insecticides, namely, ethiprole, flufiprole and dinotefuran were selected for the investigation. The enantioselective environmental fate of the three chiral pesticides in soil and earthworm were studied to illuminate the main metabolites and degradation products, and to find out the metabolic differences and influencing factors. Meanwhile, the ecotoxicology differences of enantiomers to earthworm and the mechanisms of enantioselectivity were also studied from different levels, including individual level, the cellular and subcellular level, the enzyme level, molecular and gene level. Carrying out this study is helpful not only to establish a more scientific and effective risk assessment system of chiral pesticides, but to provide a data support and theoretical basis for early warning detection, rational use and single-enantiomer pesticide development as well.