Penicillium expansum引起的青霉病是果实上最具毁灭性的采后病害之一。本研究的目标是阐明P. expansum效应蛋白如何帮助病菌侵染和生长以及在寄主免疫应答中的作用机理。本项目将利用组学和生物信息学、生化与分子生物学技术，有效联合拥有各自特长的两个研究团队，建立跨界合作研究、探索具有巨大理论和实际意义的腐生营养型病原菌的致病机制。研究成果将为防治P. expansum病害、控制新鲜果实和浓缩苹果汁受棒曲霉素污染提供重要的理论基础，也将为研究寄主-病原菌互作提供第一手资料。

Penicillium expansum is most damaging pathogen of pome fruit and of great concern to fruit processing industries due to its production of patulin, a highly toxic mycotoxin that can contaminate its processed products. Despite the economic impact of P. expansum, our knowledge about host-pathogen interactions is insufficient. Thus, understanding the mechanisms involved in how P. expansum is able to modulate host responses and successfully infect fruit tissue and cause diseases is needed. Our objectives include: 1) Development of a bioinformatic pipeline for the discovery of effectors in P. expansum, 2) Characterize the transcriptomic and proteomic interaction between P. expansum and its host, 3) Functional analysis of putative effectors involved in manipulating host defense response, 4) Study host proteins interacting with fungal effectors. Novel findings from this research will be of great potential for the development of novel technologies to manage this pathogen in light of its economic importance. In addition, the research tools and databases that will be developed and produced in this proposal will be a valuable asset for the scientific community studying host-pathogen interactions in general.

扩展青霉菌（Penicillium expansum）是对多种果实具毁灭性的病原真菌，研究其侵染和寄主防御应答机理显得非常重要。我们发展了扩展青霉编码蛋白与农作物或园艺作物编码蛋白相互作用的数据平台，预测到19个致病菌LysM家族效应蛋白，利用同源重组技术对其中15个效应蛋白基因进行敲除并获得突变体；对这些突变体在不同培养基上的生长和对不同宿主侵染能力的变化进行了分析。重点研究了PeLysM15效应蛋白的生理生化功能。利用猕猴桃果实感染P. expansum为材料建立了酵母双杂交筛选库，并用效应蛋白PeLysM2为诱饵筛选到宿主互作的膜蛋白synaptotagmin（突触结合蛋白）。这些研究为最终揭示病原菌侵染与宿主防御应答的作用机理奠定了基础。