小麦近缘野生种簇毛麦（Haynaldia villosa, VV, 2n=14）是小麦抗病育种的重要基因库，携带抗白粉、条锈、秆锈等数十种病害的抗性基因或位点。由于簇毛麦与小麦染色体不能交换重组，难以通过图位克隆获得抗病基因。本项目将抗性基因富集测序和第三代测序技术（RenSeq-PacBio）相结合，利用麦类特异NLRs诱饵文库捕获长片段NLRs，从全基因组和转录组水平高通量发掘簇毛麦NLRs基因；利用一整套小麦-簇毛麦整臂易位系和若干小片段易位系等细胞遗传学材料，对NLRs进行染色体区段定位和物理图谱构建，开发各染色体臂及抗性基因位点的专化分子标记，辅助抗病易位系选育；构建簇毛麦的全长NLRs的序列库，开展与其他禾本科植物的比较基因组学分析；针对已经初步定位的抗病基因位点发掘到的NLRs基因，开展基因克隆和功能验证。本项目实施对拓宽小麦遗传基础和推进抗病基因进化研究具有重要意义。

Haynaldia villosa (VV, 2n=14), a wild germplasm of wheat (Triticum aestivum) carrying , is one of the important gene pool for disease resistance breeding of wheat, which has been identified carrying multiple disease resistance genes or locus, including powdery mildew, stripe rust, stem rust, etc. Due to non-recombination between wheat and Haynaldia villosa homeologous chromosomes, it is difficult to isolate the important resistance genes though traditional map-based cloning from Haynaldia villosa. The high-throughput exploration of the NBS-LRRs type resistance genes (NLRs) at both whole genome and transcriptome level of Haynaldia villosa will be conducted using the specific Triticeae baits library for NLRs through the strategy combining the enrichment of resistant gene sequencing and the third generation sequencing technology. The identified NLRs will be quickly mapped to unique chromosome regions using various cytogenetic materials, including a full set of arm translocation lines and a series of small fragments inserted translocation lines, and this study will help construct a resolution physical map involved NLRs genes and help develop special markers for each chromosome arm or resistance gene loci, facilitating the breeding of disease resistant translocation lines. A database including all the full length NLRs will be construct, which will play an huge role in the comparative genomics analysis between different grasses species and facilitate exploring resistance genes by other groups from Haynaldia villosa in the future. The NLRs located to the known resistance gene loci will be cloned and functional assayed. Though our research, the resistance genetic basis of wheat can be significantly broaden, and the NLRs evolution clarifying in grass family will be dramatically promoted.