急性肺损伤/急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ALI/ARDS）是临床表征复杂多样的呼吸系统危重症，其核心病理生理改变是肺气血屏障的破坏,由于缺乏有效的药物与干预措施，其死亡率居高不下。降低死亡率及改善修复转归的关键是阐明肺气血屏障损伤的机制及明确控制炎症反应的干预靶点，制定突破性治疗策略和方案。本项目集中了国内呼吸疾病防治领域长期合作的五家优势单位，综合信号传导研究、蛋白质组学与生物芯片、动态呼吸力学等方法，利用转基因小鼠和特殊动物模型，借助小分子化合物、生物药物及干细胞等多种干预措施，研究病原微生物导致肺气血屏障损伤、炎症细胞的聚集与活化及其信号传导异常、血管内外凝血纤溶及肺内微环境的紊乱、肺损伤修复等机制、以及个体化机械通气对肺保护策略。将临床需求与基础研究密切结合，为防治ALI/ARDS提出新的干预靶点和方案，提高我国ALI/ARDS研究及临床防治能力。

Acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) is a critical respiratory condition that leads to extremely high mortality. A fundamental pathophysiology of ARDS is characterized by structural breakdown of the pulmonary capillary and alveolar barrier. There is no proven pharmacological treatment for ALI/ARDS. We aim at making breakthrough research in the ARDS field by forming a joint effort of a team in collaboration with five domestic institutions who are specialized in respiratory research. We will combine our research specialties to focus the investigation on the mechanisms of pulmonary capillary and alveolar barrier air-blood barrier breakdown, including the invasion of pathogenic microorganisms, physical and biochemical insults, coagulation disorder, aggregation and activation of immune cells, and lung microenvironment. Along with the mechanistic studies, we will test personalized mechanical ventilation strategies, small molecular drugs and biological drugs, mesenchymal stem cells in vitro and in vivo models of ALI/ARDS. We aim at proposing novel adjuvant approaches for ALI/ARDS prevention and treatment.