长期以来，心理学和生物学研究者们认为遗忘过程是记忆被动丢失的过程，从而主要关心记忆的形成而忽视对遗忘的研究。近些年，果蝇研究中率先发现了独立于记忆形成的主动遗忘机制，并得到了多种模式生物研究的证实和跟进，使得主动遗忘迅速成为记忆领域研究的热点。结合已有的研究优势，本项目选取合理可行的切入点，拟从神经环路和分子机制两个方面来进一步解析主动遗忘的生物学基础。在神经环路研究中，本项目拟利用果蝇和小鼠为动物模型，研究和探索多巴胺能神经元对主动遗忘的调控机制。在分子机制研究中，本项目拟细化和完善已有的小G蛋白介导的主动遗忘机制，并同时探索全新的不依赖小G蛋白的遗忘分子机制。本研究项目将进一步加深我们对于主动遗忘机制的理解和对记忆本质的认识，并将为预防、缓解和治疗记忆相关疾病提供全新的角度和理论依据。

For a long time, researchers from both psychology and biology believe that forgetting is a passive process of memory loss, leading to keenness for memory formation instead of forgetting. In recent years, an active forgetting mechanism, which is independent from memory formation, is found in Drosophila. Later, this mechanism is confirmed and developed by using other animal models and becomes a hot spot of memory research. Combined with existing advantages, we select reasonable entry points to dissect biological basis of active forgetting from neural circuits and molecular mechanism. In research of neural circuits, we propose to study and explore the modulation mechanism of dopaminergic neurons on active forgetting using Drosophila and mouse as animal models. In research of molecular mechanism, we propose to refine the existing small G-protein-dependent active forgetting mechanism and explore novel small G-protein-independent mechanism. This research project will deepen our understanding of the mechanism of active forgetting as well as the nature of memory and provide a new perspective and theoretical basis for the prevention, mitigation and treatment of memory-related diseases.