鲢鱼是我国重要的淡水鱼种，占全国淡水鱼产量的15.52% ，加工成冷冻鱼糜产品是其最具竞争力的利用途径，而如何防止蛋白质冷冻变性一直是该产业亟待解决的难题；前期研究表明鲢鱼鱼糜加工副产物的酶解产物具有良好的抗冻性能，但其抗冻组分及机理尚不明确。本项目通过研究：(1)制备鲢鱼加工副产物的系列酶解产物并作用于鱼糜，以鱼糜肌原纤维蛋白的理化特性、Ca2+-ATPase活性、不凝结水含量及鱼糜凝胶特性等为指标筛选出抗冻效果最佳的酶解产物组；(2)采用多级色谱分离纯化出抗冻组分并以质谱、核磁共振等方法鉴定其种类和结构；(3)利用显微镜观察抗冻组分对冰晶的抑制及其与蛋白质的相互作用，并结合差异蛋白质组分析和分子动力学模拟探讨其发挥抗冻作用的模式；期望从实验和理论水平上明晰酶解产物防止鱼糜蛋白质冷冻变性的机制，为利用加工副产物开发天然抗冻剂提供理论与技术支撑，这在理论研究和实际应用上都具有重要意义。

The most competitive way to utilization of low value freshwater fish is to be processed into frozen surimi, while how to prevent the freezing denaturation of protein is an important and unsolved issue in surimi processing industry. Our previous studies have demonstrated that the enzymatic hydrolysates, which were prepared by limited hydrolysis of by-products from silver carp surimi processing, showed excellent cryoprotective abilities. But until now, the specific components and their cryoprotective mechanisms were still unclear. The present study will be focused on the following issues: (1) Screening out the most cryoprotective hydrolysates through investigating their physicochemical properties, Ca2+-ATPase activities of myofibrillar protein, the proportions of unfrozen water and gel structure properties in the frozen surimi containing these hydrolysates. (2) Isolating and purifying the specific antifreeze components from hydrolysate by multi-step chromatography, and Identifying and characterizing their types and molecular structure using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance. (3) Exploring their cryoprotective action mode by observing their inhibition on ice crystal growth and interaction with proteins in surimi, combined with differential proteomic analysis and molecular dynamics simulation. The project is expected to illuminate the cryoprotective mechanism of these enzymatic hydrolysates in experimental and theoretical levels, and provide theoretical and technical support for development of natural cryoprotectants using by-products from fish processing, which has an important significance in theoretical study and practical application.