法医学微量生物检材核酸含量低于现有分析方法的最低有效检测限，且多存在核酸降解。在检测和研究中存在以下问题：1.缺乏对扩增随机效应的机制研究；2.缺乏微量混合斑和污染的有效分析手段；3.缺乏组织来源的有效识别体系。4.难以获取个人识别和亲子鉴定所需的最低遗传信息量。为解决上述问题，本课题提出以下设想：以大规模平行测序为基础，结合WGA/WTA及DNA/RNA遗传标记的共检测，实现微量检材所含遗传信息的最大化获取。本课题将研究：1.随机效应产生机制，结合全基因组/全转录组扩增，提高微量检材检测灵敏度和准确度；2.连锁遗传标记的物理微单倍型对微量混合斑分析的作用；3.利用大规模平行测序平台的高通量，实现DNA/RNA遗传标记、微生物DNA条码的同步检测；4.对导致结果不确定性的原因进行研究，为大规模平行测序的结果解释提供数据支持。研究结果将提高微量生物检材的分析效能，为法医学实践提供新的策略。

The amount of nucleic acid in trace biological samples is lower than the minimum limitation of current detection techniques. Potential nucleic acid degradation is also expected in such samples. Current forensic testing methods and research of trace bio-samples show the following deficiencies: (1) the influence of stochastic effects is exaggerated in all current STRs and SNPs detection system. (2) Analyzing trace DNA mixture is difficult, so is identifying pollutions. (3) There is a lacking in effective identification system of tissue and organ sources. (4) It is difficult to gain the necessary amount of genetic information to meet the requirements of personal identification and parentage identification.. .To solve the problems above, the following ideas are put forward in this study: Based on the large-scale parallel sequencing, we will combine the whole genome /whole transcriptome amplification of single cell and DNA/RNA co-analysis of genetic markers in order to maximize the amount of genetic information of trace bio-samples. ..In this project, the following topics will be studied: (1) improving the detection sensitivity and veracity of trace samples through the mechanism study of stochastic effects and pseudo products. (2) The efficiency of physical haplotype consisting of closely linked genetic markers on the trace mixture analysis. (3) Utilizing the high throughput of the massively parallel sequencing, to implement the synchronous detection of DNA/RNA genetic markers and microbial DNA barcode; (4) Studying the cause of uncertainty exists in the genotying results, and providing evidence in light of massively parallel sequencing results explanations. The research results will improve the analyzing abilities of trace biological samples and provide novel insight on forensic practice.