拟对两种极小种群的穴居性石山苣苔属植物--靖西石山苣苔和陆氏石山苣苔进行遗传多样性、迁地（桂林植物园内与选择植物园附近相似的山洞生境）与近地回归引种研究。采用SSR分子标记对两个洞穴局限分布的种之种群遗传多样性、遗传结构、交配系统和亲本、迁地保护群体的遗传漂变进行分析，将首次获得该属中特化于洞穴中的物种的种群分子遗传变异和遗传分化数据，并揭示其种群遗传特征；采用SSR分子标记研究两个种迁地保护的最佳取样策略；并在迁地状态下的植物营养因子研究基础上，进行洞穴植物生态回归的物种群落设计，并选择具有生态相似性的洞穴对其进行迁地和近地适应性生态回归；同时也在桂林植物园中，构建人工复壮种群，并利用SSR分子标记技术开展迁地保护种群的遗传漂变监控研究。上述研究将最终揭示两个极度濒危的极小种群野生洞穴植物种群遗传多样性及其濒危机制，为合理有效地保护以其为代表的穴居性极小种群野生植物种质提供有益的参考。

Two typical cave-dwelling species of Petrocodon, Pet. jingxiensis and Pet. lui, belong to Plant Species with Extremely Small Populations (PSESP). They are in critically endangered due to their extremely limited distribution and small population. The genetic diversities, Ex situ (in Guilin Botanical Garden and similar cave habitats nearby GBG) and Near situ conservation (nearby type location) of two endemic Petrocodon species will be studied to realize ecological reintroduction. At the same time, diversities and structures, mating systems and paternity analysis of two species populations, genetic drift in Ex situ conservation populations of two species will be further researched by nuclear SSR markers. We will achieve the data of genetic variation and differentiation of two species, which are endemic to limestone caves, in this genus, so that the genetic characteristics of two species populations will be explored; the best strategy of sampling will be expounded for Ex situ conservation. Based on the researches of plant nutrition and cave-dwelling ecological communities design in Ex situ conservation situation for ecological reintroduction, we select similar cave habitats to realize. At the same time we will build artificial rejuvenated population and use nuclear SSR markers to monitor the genetic drifts of the Ex situ conservation populations. The result will reveal the genetic diversity and endangered mechanism of two cave-dwelling Petrocodon species, and provide a scientific basis for rational and effective protection germplasm resources of theirs.。