减数分裂是有性生殖物种世代交替的转折点, 而减数分裂过程产生与积累的突变、重组等遗传变异是生物多样性的重要源泉及物种演化内在的驱动要素。对于多年生植物，还没有直接测定其单次减数分裂突变与重组的报道。本研究拟以多年生木本桃树及多年生草本草莓为研究对象，通过亲代-自交子代的遗传设计，直接检测多年生植物一次减数分裂产生与积累的突变与重组的数量，从而直接检验存在广泛争议导致多年生植物的演化速度显著性的低于一年生植物的各种假说，如世代周期时间长短影响假说、复制保真酶精度影响假说、选择压影响假说等；其次，利用不同差异度组合的材料，进一步验证“基因组中的遗传异质性促进突变与重组”的普适性。本研究拟揭示植物内在驱动要素变化的规律性、了解它们对基因组变异的作用、并深入理解生物适应与演化的内在分子基础。

Meiosis is an important process to regulate genetic variation between generations. The mutation and recombination of crossing-over generated in this process is the most important inner force for genome variation. However, the variation in rates of recombination or mutation remain poorly understood, particularly in perennial plants. Here, two perennial plant materials, the woody peach and the herbaceous strawberry, are chosen by special genetic design for re-sequencing to directly estimate their mutation and recombination rate. Then, we can test the various hypotheses causing the phenomenon that the perennial plants should have a slower evolutionary rate per unit time than annual plants, such as the generation time, the accuracy of replicative polymerases, the effect of selection pressure and so on. Furthermore, using the materials with different pre-existing diversity, we can further test the universality of the hypothesis “the heterozygosity of the genome promotes mutation and recombination”. We think that this project will not only reveal the law and impact on genome change of inner drive variation but also help to understand the inner base of adaptation and evolution.