中文摘要
为构建基于量子点（QDs）的新型液体生物芯片，对不同多壳层的CdSe QDs和ZnS:Mn QDs的制备及表征进行了研究。研究证明：多壳层包覆QDs可消除表面电荷态对QDs发光效率的影响，QDs发光对温度具有依赖性。基于QDs和上转换发光性质的优势，首次构建了分别基于QDs与光敏分子、适配子和发光上转换纳米晶(UPNCs)之间荧光共振能量传递的原型液体生物芯片，检出限为20微mol。结果表明：DQs的荧光增强或猝灭与表面态或表面修饰直接相关；QDs或UPNCs表面耦联的抗体或环境分子对其发光或上转换发光具有很大影响。除此之外，QDs和UPNCs表面对与其耦联的单抗分子构象、结构及其功能有影响。上述研究解决了目前生物芯片报告分子与靶分子杂交率低、信息失真、特异性差、灵敏度低及非均相反应等关键问题，为发展灵敏度高、特异性强的多功能纳米液体生物芯片提供技术和基础。本项目研究的原创性在于实现生物芯片无平面载体化、液体化和纳米化，从而解决目前生物芯片中平面载体固生物分子时产生分子位阻、需清洗、难于量化检测和检测生物信息不稳定的难题，避免了多余标记报告分子的复杂分离过程和芯片点样机等设备。
英文摘要
To design a novel liquid phase biochips based on luminescent QDs, CdSe core/shell quantum dots (QDs) with various kind of multi-shells is prepared and studied by means of steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy. It was shown that multi-shell coated on QDs is surprisingly found to play an even more important role in reducing the PL quenching process of QDs than the dynamic one, which is dependent on the temperature. The liquid phase biochip was first designed and constructed based on the properties of QDs luminescence and the fluorescence energy resonant transfer between the QDs and photo sensitizer, QDs and aptamer, QDs and upconversion luminescence nanocrystals (UPNCs), whose detection limit is 20,? It is indicated that the luminescence enhancing or quenching of QDs is dependent on the surface defect states and the class of ligand modified on QDs and the adjacent environment molecules. Besides, the surface defect states of QDs and UPNCs result in the changes of bio-molecular structures and conformational which are relative to the sensitivity and specificity of bio-detection. The research results obtained can be used to improve the disadvantages of present biochip in bio-detecting sensitivity, specificity, low binding efficiency, bio-information distortion etc. The innovations of this research on liquid phase biochip are focused on the a novel biochip with liquid phase and nanometer in size, without solid carrier of plane, solving many difficult problems in manufacture and application, such as molecular resistance from the bonding process on the plane carrier, cleanout, the difficulty of quantitative detection and instability of bio-information in detection, avoiding the complex process and expensive instruments, for example, microarray machine for biochip etc..
结题摘要
为构建基于量子点（QDs）的新型液体生物芯片，对不同多壳层的CdSe QDs和ZnS:Mn QDs的制备及表征进行了研究。研究证明：多壳层包覆QDs可消除表面电荷态对QDs发光效率的影响，QDs发光对温度具有依赖性。基于QDs和上转换发光性质的优势，首次构建了分别基于QDs与光敏分子、适配子和发光上转换纳米晶(UPNCs)之间荧光共振能量传递的原型液体生物芯片，检出限为20微mol。结果表明：DQs的荧光增强或猝灭与表面态或表面修饰直接相关；QDs或UPNCs表面耦联的抗体或环境分子对其发光或上转换发光具有很大影响。除此之外，QDs和UPNCs表面对与其耦联的单抗分子构象、结构及其功能有影响。上述研究解决了目前生物芯片报告分子与靶分子杂交率低、信息失真、特异性差、灵敏度低及非均相反应等关键问题，为发展灵敏度高、特异性强的多功能纳米液体生物芯片提供技术和基础。本项目研究的原创性在于实现生物芯片无平面载体化、液体化和纳米化，从而解决目前生物芯片中平面载体固生物分子时产生分子位阻、需清洗、难于量化检测和检测生物信息不稳定的难题，避免了多余标记报告分子的复杂分离过程和芯片点样机等设备。