中文摘要
强流电子加速器在惯性约束聚变、自由电子激光、高功率微波等方面有重要的价值。结构紧凑、重复频率和长脉冲是加速器发展的重要方向。根据本项目的研究目标，我们对高功率气体开关、高功率Tesla变压器、带绕螺旋Blumlein线等关键技术进行了详细的研究。具体的成果为：(1)研制的气体触发开关电压40kV，重复频率5Hz；研制的高功率氢气开关，电压500kV，恢复时间8.8ms；(2) 给出了适合于水介质脉冲形成线充电的脉冲变压器主要参数的计算公式，并研制了一台空芯脉冲变压器，工作电压近600kV，耦合系数0.84；(3) 推导了带绕螺旋Blumlein线主要参数的计算公式，得到了负载上输出最佳波形的条件；(4)研制了一台多脉冲加速器。具体性能指标为：单次：512kV, 48kA,180ns,24GW；5Hz重复频率：384kV, 35kA,180ns,13GW；10Hz重复频率：294kV,29kA,170ns,8GW。该装置用于驱动Milo的HPM源，获得脉冲宽度100ns，峰值功率1GW以上的单次HPM，以及重复频率1-3Hz，峰值功率500MW，脉冲宽度60-100ns的重复频率HPM。
英文摘要
Intense electron-beam accelerators are widely used in the research of inertial confinement fusion, free-electron laser and high power microwave. They are being developed towards the directions of a compact size, high pulse repetitive rate and long pulse duration. Based on the research goals, high power spark switch, Tesla transformer and strip spiral Blumlein line are researched in the project. The main research works and results are presented as the following. (1) A triggered spark switch with working voltage 40kV and pulse repetition rate 5Hz was designed. A hydrogen switch at breakdown voltage up to 500kV, with an interval of 8.8ms was obtained.(2) For charging the water dielectric BPFL, the spiral strip Tesla transformer with an air-core and the helical wire Tesla transformer with an open magnetic core were investigated. The formulas for calculating the parameters of these transformers were presented. An air core Tesla transformer with operating voltage of 600kV, coupling coefficient of 0.84 was constructed. (3) The formulas for calculating the parameters of a strip spiral BPFL were derived. Based on our theoretical analysis, the effect of the slow wave coefficient on the waveform of the output voltage to a matched load was determined. By choosing r1, r2 and r3, the radius of the inner, middle and outer cylinder of the BPFL, the best voltage waveform on the matched load is achieved when r22＝r1×r3.(4) At last, the constructed accelerator was tested. In the single pulse mode, the output parameters of the accelerator are 512kV, 48kA and 180ns (FWHM), corresponding to a peak power of 24GW. In the repetitive mode, the output parameters are related to the pulse repetitive rate i.e. pulses per second (pps). They are 384kV, 35kA and 13GW for 5pps, and 294kV, 29kA and 8GW for 10pps. The accelerator was used to drive an L-band high power microwave source, sending out a microwave of 1GW peak power in the single mode and 500MW in a 3-pps mode.
结题摘要
强流电子加速器在惯性约束聚变、自由电子激光、高功率微波等方面有重要的价值。结构紧凑、重复频率和长脉冲是加速器发展的重要方向。根据本项目的研究目标，我们对高功率气体开关、高功率Tesla变压器、带绕螺旋Blumlein线等关键技术进行了详细的研究。具体的成果为：(1)研制的气体触发开关电压40kV，重复频率5Hz；研制的高功率氢气开关，电压500kV，恢复时间8.8ms；(2) 给出了适合于水介质脉冲形成线充电的脉冲变压器主要参数的计算公式，并研制了一台空芯脉冲变压器，工作电压近600kV，耦合系数0.84；(3) 推导了带绕螺旋Blumlein线主要参数的计算公式，得到了负载上输出最佳波形的条件；(4)研制了一台多脉冲加速器。具体性能指标为：单次：512kV, 48kA,180ns,24GW；5Hz重复频率：384kV, 35kA,180ns,13GW；10Hz重复频率：294kV,29kA,170ns,8GW。该装置用于驱动Milo的HPM源，获得脉冲宽度100ns，峰值功率1GW以上的单次HPM，以及重复频率1-3Hz，峰值功率500MW，脉冲宽度60-100ns的重复频率HPM。